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Suppose that a monopolist is considering two different pricing schemes: offering the good at $100 per unit with a $10 rebate coupon,or just charging a flat $90 per unit.His economic consultant would advise him to


A) charge the $90 price.
B) charge the $100 price and "misplace" most of the rebate coupons.
C) charge the $100 price because less than 100% of the buyers will mail in the rebate.
D) do either;the impact will be the same.
E) charge the $90 price because most consumers ignore rebate offers.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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The elasticity of demand for an imperfectly competitive firm is


A) infinity.
B) greater than zero and less than infinity.
C) zero.
D) greater than zero and less than one.
E) greater than one.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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An industry that features a few firms that produce close substitutes is called


A) pure monopoly.
B) imperfect monopoly.
C) monopolistic competition.
D) oligopoly.
E) competitive monopoly.

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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  -Refer to the graph above.A profit-maximizing monopolist would charge a price of A)  $3 per unit. B)  $4 per unit. C)  $5 per unit. D)  $6 per unit. E)  $7 per unit. -Refer to the graph above.A profit-maximizing monopolist would charge a price of


A) $3 per unit.
B) $4 per unit.
C) $5 per unit.
D) $6 per unit.
E) $7 per unit.

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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Exclusive contracting involves provincial or municipal governments


A) directly providing a good or service.
B) regulating the price a natural monopolist can charge.
C) acquiring bids from private firms and awarding the contract to the lowest bidder.
D) requiring that agencies purchase goods from minority-owned businesses.
E) getting bids from one firm exclusively.

F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

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Predatory pricing refers to selling


A) above cost in order to make a profit.
B) below cost in order to take a loss.
C) below cost in order to drive competitors out of business.
D) above cost in order to ensure product quality.
E) above cost in order to drive competitors out of business

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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  -Refer to the graph above.A profit-maximizing monopolist would earn a profit of ___________ per unit. A)  $1 B)  $2 C)  $3 D)  $4 E)  $5 -Refer to the graph above.A profit-maximizing monopolist would earn a profit of ___________ per unit.


A) $1
B) $2
C) $3
D) $4
E) $5

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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When marginal revenue is equal to zero,


A) profit is maximized.
B) total cost is minimized.
C) elasticity of demand is zero.
D) total revenue is maximized.
E) total revenue is minimized.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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To sell an extra unit of output,a perfect competitor __________,while an imperfect competitor __________.


A) does not alter price;must lower price
B) must hope the market price falls;must lower price
C) does not alter price;does not alter price either
D) must lower price;must lower price
E) must lower price;must offer discounts

F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

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  -Refer to the table above.If these data refer to a profit-maximizing monopolist,the firm will produce where __________,which in this example means that output will be __________ units,and it will be sold at a price of ________ per unit. A)  P = MC;3;$8 B)  MR = MC;5;$6 C)  P = MR;4;$7 D)  MR = MC;3;$8 E)  P = MC;5;$6 -Refer to the table above.If these data refer to a profit-maximizing monopolist,the firm will produce where __________,which in this example means that output will be __________ units,and it will be sold at a price of ________ per unit.


A) P = MC;3;$8
B) MR = MC;5;$6
C) P = MR;4;$7
D) MR = MC;3;$8
E) P = MC;5;$6

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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  -Refer to the table above.The deadweight loss due to monopoly in the market stems from the fact that A)  this monopolist will earn a large profit. B)  the value of unit four and unit five exceed or equal the cost of producing them. C)  the cost of producing units four and five exceed their value. D)  the monopolist's price is  too low.  E)  the monopolist's output is  too large. -Refer to the table above.The deadweight loss due to monopoly in the market stems from the fact that


A) this monopolist will earn a large profit.
B) the value of unit four and unit five exceed or equal the cost of producing them.
C) the cost of producing units four and five exceed their value.
D) the monopolist's price is "too low."
E) the monopolist's output is "too large."

F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

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Which of the following is TRUE if a monopolist faces a constant marginal cost? The monopolist faces a


A) constant total cost.
B) constant average variable cost.
C) perfectly elastic demand curve.
D) vertical demand curve.
E) vertical supply curve.

F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

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Production and distribution of electricity would be a __________ candidate for exclusive contracting because __________.


A) poor;it is a complex task with large fixed investments
B) good;it is a simple task
C) poor;production costs are very uncertain
D) good;transferring the fixed investments from one firm to another is easily accomplished
E) poor;demand for electricity is difficult to estimate

F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

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What happens to producer and consumer surplus when a monopolist increases output above the profit-maximizing output level?


A) Both producer and consumer surplus increase.
B) Producer surplus falls but consumer surplus rises.
C) Both producer and consumer surplus decrease.
D) Producer surplus rises but consumer surplus falls.
E) Both producer and consumer surplus remain unchanged.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Which of the following statements about perfect price discrimination is FALSE?


A) Consumer surplus is zero.
B) Total economic surplus is maximized.
C) Some consumers are paying less than their reservation price.
D) The monopolist will capture all consumer surplus.
E) The monopolist will always be better off.

F) All of the above
G) A) and C)

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When a firm with constant returns to scale uses 30% more of all inputs and input prices remain unchanged,then


A) total cost rises by less than 30%.
B) average cost falls by 30%.
C) total cost rises by more than 30%.
D) average cost remains unchanged.
E) average cost rises by 30%.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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  -Refer to the table above.The marginal revenue of selling the sixth unit is A)  $30. B)  $6. C)  $5. D)  $2. E)  $0. -Refer to the table above.The marginal revenue of selling the sixth unit is


A) $30.
B) $6.
C) $5.
D) $2.
E) $0.

F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

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  In this diagram,D* represents the demand curve facing a monopolist and d** represents the demand curve facing a perfectly competitive firm. -Refer to the diagram above.Assume that the current price is P1 and current production is Q1.Total revenue to the perfect competitor is equal to the area of __________ and the area of __________ for the monopolist. A)  (A + B) ; (A + B)  B)  A;B C)  (A + B) ; (B + E)  D)  (A + B + C) ; (A + B + C + E)  E)  (A - B) ; (C + D - E) In this diagram,D* represents the demand curve facing a monopolist and d** represents the demand curve facing a perfectly competitive firm. -Refer to the diagram above.Assume that the current price is P1 and current production is Q1.Total revenue to the perfect competitor is equal to the area of __________ and the area of __________ for the monopolist.


A) (A + B) ; (A + B)
B) A;B
C) (A + B) ; (B + E)
D) (A + B + C) ; (A + B + C + E)
E) (A - B) ; (C + D - E)

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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A city government that produces electricity for the local residents and businesses is an example of


A) government regulation of a natural monopoly.
B) government using exclusive contracting agreements.
C) the results of the enforcement of competition laws.
D) the ever growing presence of government in the economy.
E) government ownership of a natural monopoly.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

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A monopolist facing a downward-sloping demand curve finds that his marginal cost is constant at $10 and his marginal revenue is zero.This monopolist should


A) reduce production.
B) increase production.
C) leave production unchanged.
D) reduce the production cost further.
E) decrease price.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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