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Exam 4: Nature, Nurture, and Human Diversity

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Question 61

Multiple Choice

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Impression management, or making a good impression by being consistent in our attitudes reflects the

A) self-presentation theory.
B) self-consistency theory.
C) cognitive dissonance theory.
D) self-perception theory.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Question 62

Multiple Choice

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When we are unsure of our attitudes, we infer them the same way someone else would who was observing us-that is, we look at our behavior. Which theory does this describe?

A) self-presentation theory
B) self-consistency theory
C) cognitive dissonance theory
D) self-perception theory

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Question 63

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A research study had experimental participants perform a dull task but paid them to lie by telling a prospective participant that the task had been enjoyable. Results showed that the participants who were paid _____ came to believe that the task had been _____.

According to Batson and his colleagues (2002) , _____ is appearing moral while avoiding the costs of being so.

Dissonance theory explains attitude _____, whereas self-perception theory explains attitude _____.

Explain impression management in the context of self-presentation theory.

Festinger and Carlsmith found that participants paid just $1 to lie to another student about how much they enjoyed a task displayed greater attitude change than those paid $20 to tell the same lie. These results are best explained by

The effect of _____ on _____ was vividly demonstrated in Zimbardo's (1971) classic study of a simulated prison.

You receive more than one marriage proposal, and after deciding on who you wish to spend your life with, dissonance theory would predict that you would _____ the individual whose proposal you did accept.

The tension that arises when one is simultaneously aware of two inconsistent cognitions is called

In 1969, social psychologist Allan Wicker completed a review of dozens of research studies and concluded that people's expressed attitudes _____ predicted their varying behaviors.

Although you may spend the evening surfing the Internet rather than studying, you have generally been quite a disciplined student throughout your academic career and have always held the attitude that studying is important. The relationship between your studying behavior and your attitude toward studying can best be described by which social psychological term?

_____ argues that when our attitudes are weak or ambiguous we infer them by looking at our behaviors and the circumstances under which they occur. In other words, we deduce our attitudes in the same manner as would an outside observer.

In the ABCs of attitudes, "A" stands for

A set of norms that defines how people in a given social position ought to behave is what social psychologists call a(n)

In the context of evil and moral acts, research indicates that if you wish to love someone more, you should

Explain the attitudes-follow-behavior principle and give an example.

Which theory explains our conclusion that we must be anxious of something because we woke up before dawn?