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In the late nineteenth century, those political candidates who campaigned by "waving the bloody shirt" were reminding voters


A) of the sacrifices of Union soldiers and the "treason" of southern Democrats.
B) that the Civil War had been caused by the election of a Republican president.
C) of the corrupt radical Reconstruction regimes in the South.
D) that radical Republicans catered to freed slaves during Reconstruction.
E) of Ku Klux Klan violence against blacks.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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In late-nineteenth century elections, Democrats could generally count on the support of


A) the South.
B) northern industrial cities.
C) immigrant groups.
D) the Midwest.
E) Catholics and Lutherans.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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The railroad of 1877 was created when...


A) President Hayes refused to use troops to keep the trains running.
B) the four largest railroads cut salaries by 10percent.
C) working hours were cut back by the railroad companies.
D) the railroad workers refused to cross the picket lines of cargo loaders.
E) the railroads tried to hire Chinese workers.

F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

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The Compromise of 1877 resulted in


A) a Republican commitment to protect black civil rights in the South.
B) the withdrawal of federal troops from the South and the end of Reconstruction.
C) the election of a Democrat to the presidency in exchange for the maintenance of the monetary gold standard.
D) an end to Indian warfare and the creation of the reservation system.
E) a plan to build the first transcontinental railroad and admit new western states to the Union.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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The early Populist campaign to create a coalition of white and black farmers ended in


A) a racist backlash that eliminated black voting in the South.
B) the transformation of Tom Watson into a fervent civil rights leader.
C) an alignment of wealthy "Bourbon" whites with moderate blacks.
D) the breakdown of segregation in areas outside southern cities.
E) the resurgence of Republican political power in the South.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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As president, Grover Cleveland's numerous vetoes particularly earned him the political enmity of


A) former Confederates and the South.
B) farmers and the Grand Army of the Republic veterans' organization.
C) those who favored lowering the tariff.
D) labor unions and industrial workers.
E) businesspeople and bankers.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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The second American president to be assassinated was


A) Rutherford Hayes.
B) William McKinley.
C) Chester Arthur.
D) Benjamin Harrison.
E) James Garfield.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Under Benjamin Harrison and other administrations of the late nineteenth century, the center of political initiative and power was generally


A) Congress.
B) the president.
C) the Supreme Court.
D) the federal bureaucracy.
E) the states.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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During the Gilded Age, the lifeblood of both the Democratic and the Republican parties was


A) the Grand Army of the Republic.
B) the Roman Catholic Church.
C) labor unions and working-class activism.
D) big-city political machines.
E) political patronage.

F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

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Labor unrest in the 1870s and 1880s resulted in


A) federal laws banning unions and strikes.
B) a ban on Irish immigration.
C) the use of federal troops to quell strikes.
D) the spread of working-class political parties.
E) growing middle-class support for labor.

F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

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The person who coined the phrase "the Gilded Age" was


A) Ulysses S. Grant.
B) Horatio Seymour.
C) Mark Twain.
D) Thomas Nast.
E) William Jennings Bryan.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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During the Gilded Age, the Democrats and Republicans


A) had few significant differences over political or economic policies.
B) were sharply divided over the questions of currency and the tariff.
C) largely agreed on domestic policy but divided over foreign policy.
D) fought fierce political battles over civil-service reform.
E) were divided over silver vs. gold currency.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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In an attempt to avoid prosecution for their corrupt dealings, the owners of Crédit Mobilier


A) left the country.
B) shredded company documents and altered corporate records.
C) turned in lower-level employees to federal prosecutors.
D) tried to gain immunity by testifying before Congress.
E) distributed shares of its stock to key congressmen.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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The four states completely carried by the Populists in the election of 1892 were


A) Wisconsin, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota.
B) Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois.
C) Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, Kansas.
D) Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, Vermont.
E) Kansas, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada.

F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

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Which of the following was not among the platform planks adopted by the Populist Party in their convention of 1892?


A) government ownership of the railroads, telephone, and telegraph
B) free and unlimited coinage of silver in the ratio of 16 to 1
C) a one-term limit on the presidency
D) government guarantees of "parity prices" for farmers
E) immigration restrictions

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

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President James A. Garfield was assassinated


A) by a still-bitter ex-Confederate soldier.
B) by a member of the opposing Half-Breed Republican faction.
C) because he opposed civil-service reform.
D) by a deranged, disappointed office seeker.
E) by a political anarchist.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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One weapon that caused the downfall and eventual jailing of New York City's infamous Boss Tweed was


A) the cartoons of the political satirist Thomas Nast.
B) federal income tax evasion charges.
C) the RICO racketeering act.
D) New York City's ethics laws.
E) granting immunity to Tweed's cronies in exchange for testimony.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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The legal codes that established the system of segregation


A) reduced illegal mob violence and lynching.
B) were called Jim Crow laws.
C) were overturned by Plessy v. Ferguson.
D) were introduced by the Populist party.
E) were passed during Reconstruction.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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