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The stock of money people hold to take advantage of expected future changes in the price of bonds, stocks, or other nonmoney financial assets is the:


A) unit-of-account motive for holding money.
B) precautionary motive for holding money.
C) speculative motive for holding money.
D) transactions motive for holding money.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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If the Fed expands the money supply by $1 trillion, what will happen in the money market?


A) The equilibrium interest rate will rise, and less money will be exchanged in equilibrium.
B) The equilibrium interest rate will fall, and more money will exchanged in equilibrium.
C) The equilibrium interest rate will not change.
D) None of the above.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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The Keynesian mechanism through which monetary policy affects the price level, real GDP, and employment depends on the impact of the:


A) interest rate on savings.
B) inflation on investment.
C) interest rate on investment.
D) interest rate on bond prices.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Keynes called the money people hold in order to buy bonds, stocks, or other nonmoney financial assets the:


A) transactions demand for holding money.
B) precautionary demand for holding money.
C) speculative demand for holding money.
D) unit of account demand for holding money.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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If M stand for the money supply, V for the velocity of money, P for the average selling price, and Q for the output of goods and services, the equation of exchange is MV = PQ.

A) True
B) False

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According to the Monetarist view, the impact of expansionary monetary policy will be:


A) the same in the long run as in the short run.
B) the same regardless of whether the effects of the policy are anticipated or unanticipated.
C) a higher price level (inflation) .
D) a decrease in short-run prices and an increase in long-run prices.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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According to the equation of exchange, if M = 200, P = 100, and Q = 10, the V is:


A) 20.
B) 2.
C) 10.
D) 5.
E) 2,000.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Contrast the Keynesian and Monetarist views on how a change in the money supply impacts the economy.

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According to Keynesian economists, an in...

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The velocity of money is the:


A) rate at which the price index for consumer goods rises.
B) multiple by which an increase in government expenditures will cause output to expand.
C) average number of times a dollar is used to buy goods and services included in GDP.
D) number of times a dollar is taken out of the country during a year.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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Keynes called money people hold to make routine day-to-day purchases the:


A) transactions demand for holding money.
B) precautionary demand for holding money.
C) speculative demand for holding money.
D) store of value demand for holding money.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following policies would be most likely to reduce the rate of inflation?


A) sale of government bonds by the Federal Reserve
B) a reduction in the discount rate
C) an increase in the size of the federal budget deficit
D) a reduction in the required reserves imposed on the banking system

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following statements is true ?


A) The speculative demand for money at possible interest rates gives the demand for money curve its upward slope.
B) There is an inverse relationship between the quantity of money demanded and the interest rate.
C) According to the quantity theory of money, any change in the money supply will have no effect on the price level.
D) All of these are true.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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If the Fed uses its tools to expand the money supply, bond prices will be bid down and interest rates will rise.

A) True
B) False

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John Maynard Keynes listed three types of motives for people holding money ¾ transactions, precautionary, and speculative.

A) True
B) False

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A rightward shift in the money supply curve is likely to produce a rightward shift in the aggregate demand curve.

A) True
B) False

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If you hold money in anticipation of household emergency expense, this represents the::


A) speculative demand for holding money.
B) transactions demand for holding money.
C) opportunity cost motive for holding money.
D) precautionary demand for holding money.
E) regressive cost of holding money.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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If M = 200, P = 100, and Q = 10, then V is:


A) 20.
B) 2.
C) 10.
D) 5.
E) 2,000.

F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

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If the economy is inflationary, the Fed would most likely:


A) encourage banks to provide loans by buying government securities.
B) encourage banks to provide loans by raising the discount rate.
C) encourage banks to provide loans by selling government securities.
D) restrict bank lending by selling government securities.
E) restrict bank lending by lowering the federal funds rate.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Exhibit 16-3 Money market demand and supply curves Exhibit 16-3 Money market demand and supply curves   In Exhibit 16-3, assume an equilibrium at E<sub>2</sub> with the money supply at $100 billion and the interest rate at 15 percent. The Fed uses its policy tools to move the economy to a new equilibrium at E<sub>1</sub> with a money supply of 150 billion and an interest rate of 10 percent. As part of the adjustment to the new equilibrium, we would expect the: A) price of bonds to rise. B) price of bonds to remain unchanged. C) price of bonds to fall. D) none of these. In Exhibit 16-3, assume an equilibrium at E2 with the money supply at $100 billion and the interest rate at 15 percent. The Fed uses its policy tools to move the economy to a new equilibrium at E1 with a money supply of 150 billion and an interest rate of 10 percent. As part of the adjustment to the new equilibrium, we would expect the:


A) price of bonds to rise.
B) price of bonds to remain unchanged.
C) price of bonds to fall.
D) none of these.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Other things being equal, an increase in the rate of interest causes a(n) :


A) upward movement along the demand for money curve.
B) downward movement along the demand for money curve.
C) rightward shift of the demand for money curve.
D) leftward shift of the demand for money curve.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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