Question 1

When Weber used the concept "rationality," he had in mind:

Accepted Answer

A)   a concern with what's good for the entire community.
B)   a respect for tradition.
C)   deliberate, matter-of-fact calculation of the most efficient way to accomplish any task.
D)   limiting the extent of class conflict.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

What is "mechanical solidarity"? How does it differ from "organic solidarity"?

Accepted Answer

"Mechanical solidarity" and "organic sol...

Question 3

According to Karl Marx, what is one good thing about capitalism? At the same time, in his view, why does capitalism fail as an economic system?

Accepted Answer

According to Karl Marx, one good thing a...

Question 4

Pastoral and horticultural societies are not capable of a productive surplus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Weber believed that people living in preindustrial societies hold strongly to rationality, while members of industrial societies celebrate tradition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Briefly explain Durkheim's belief that studying individuals alone can never capture the essence of society.

Accepted Answer

Durkheim believed that studying individu...

Question 7

Industrial technology has raised living standards in a number of societies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Industrial technology tends to weaken the family, making it less the center of people's lives.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The story of the Tuareg nomads that begins Chapter 4 in the text shows us that:

Accepted Answer

A)   all human societies are mostly the same.
B)   some societies change faster than our own.
C)   some societies have little knowledge of newspapers, cellular phones or other things familiar to us in the United States.
D)   some societies have advanced powerful technology than our own.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 10

In hopes of salvation, Calvinists were quick to share their wealth with the poor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Compared to an industrial society, a postindustrial society is based on:

Accepted Answer

A)   an information-based economy.
B)   a factory-based economy.
C)   an immigrant labor force.
D)   a less productive economy.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Gerhard Lenski claimed that which of the following has the greatest power to shape a society?

Accepted Answer

A)   technology
B)   social conflict
C)   human ideas
D)   human desire for changeE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 13

The first type of society to generate a material surplus is:

Accepted Answer

A)   hunting and gathering.
B)   horticultural and pastoral.
C)   agrarian.
D)   industrial.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 14

Horticultural societies typically form permanent settlements.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Briefly describe societies based on hunting and gathering, pastoralism, horticulture, agriculture, and industry.

Accepted Answer

Hunting and gathering societies are char...

Question 16

Karl Marx and Max Weber agreed that modern society generates alienation, although for different reasons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Durkheim explained that organic solidarity is based on:

Accepted Answer

A)   specialization and interdependence.
B)   collective conscience.
C)   shared moral values.
D)   common cultural heritage.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 18

What does Gerhard Lenski mean by "sociocultural evolution"? Why does he argue that technology shapes all of society?

Accepted Answer

Gerhard Lenski, a sociologist, defines s...

Question 19

Karl Marx considered capitalism to be _____, but Max Weber argued that capitalism was very _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   irrational rational
B)   rational irrational
C)   unproductive productive
D)   productive unproductiveE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 20

Gerhard Lenski claimed that which of the following has the greatest power to shape a society?

Accepted Answer

A)   technology
B)   human ideas
C)   social conflict
D)   human desire for changeE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Exam 4: Society

Gerhard Lenski claimed that which of the following has the greatest power to shape a society?

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What is "mechanical solidarity"? How does it differ from "organic solidarity"?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AI"Mechanical solidarity" and "organic sol...View AnswerShow Answer

What does Gerhard Lenski mean by "sociocultural evolution"? Why does he argue that technology shapes all of society?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIGerhard Lenski, a sociologist, defines s...View AnswerShow Answer

The first type of society to generate a material surplus is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Briefly describe societies based on hunting and gathering, pastoralism, horticulture, agriculture, and industry.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIHunting and gathering societies are char...View AnswerShow Answer

Weber believed that people living in preindustrial societies hold strongly to rationality, while members of industrial societies celebrate tradition.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gerhard Lenski claimed that which of the following has the greatest power to shape a society?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Karl Marx considered capitalism to be _____, but Max Weber argued that capitalism was very _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Industrial technology tends to weaken the family, making it less the center of people's lives.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When Weber used the concept "rationality," he had in mind:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In hopes of salvation, Calvinists were quick to share their wealth with the poor.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Industrial technology has raised living standards in a number of societies.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Briefly explain Durkheim's belief that studying individuals alone can never capture the essence of society.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIDurkheim believed that studying individu...View AnswerShow Answer

Durkheim explained that organic solidarity is based on:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared to an industrial society, a postindustrial society is based on:

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According to Karl Marx, what is one good thing about capitalism? At the same time, in his view, why does capitalism fail as an economic system?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIAccording to Karl Marx, one good thing a...View AnswerShow Answer

Pastoral and horticultural societies are not capable of a productive surplus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Horticultural societies typically form permanent settlements.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The story of the Tuareg nomads that begins Chapter 4 in the text shows us that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Karl Marx and Max Weber agreed that modern society generates alienation, although for different reasons.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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"Mechanical solidarity" and "organic sol...
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Gerhard Lenski, a sociologist, defines s...
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Hunting and gathering societies are char...
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Karl Marx considered capitalism to be _, but Max Weber argued that capitalism was very _.

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Durkheim believed that studying individu...
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According to Karl Marx, one good thing a...
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