Question 1

When a virus enters a host cell in which it can replicate,the process is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  insertion.
B)  infection.
C)  prophage.
D)  excision.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

An RNA genome itself serves as mRNA in negative-stranded RNA viruses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Based on your knowledge of cellular and viral processes,which of the following would be (an) appropriate target(s) for antiviral drugs?

Accepted Answer

A)  integrases
B)  aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
C)  ribosomes
D)  aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and ribosomesE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

There is at least one known virus whose genome is actually larger than a cellular genome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The latent phase in the viral growth curve and the lag phase of the bacterial growth curve are equivalent and represent the time it takes for the virus or bacterium to adapt to the culture conditions and begin growing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Why do scientists believe that most of the unexplored genetic diversity on Earth resides in viral genomes? Why is this genetic diversity important to human society?

Accepted Answer

First,there are ten times as many virus ...

Question 7

The size and shape of viral particles is largely governed by the size and packaging of the viral

Accepted Answer

A)  envelope.
B)  enzymes.
C)  prophage.
D)  genome.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Influenza is an acute human viral disease that causes brief cellular damage followed by healing and complete clearing of the virus from the body. Hepatitis C is a chronic viral disease that causes slow destruction of tissue and persistent virions that are not completely cleared.Which of these diseases is more likely to be caused by lytic virus and which is caused by a lysogenic virus?

Accepted Answer

Persistent viral infections occur when t...

Question 9

How do bacteriophage influence bacterial evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteriophage cause cleavage and rearrangement of bacterial genomes,thus accelerating bacterial evolution.
B)  Bacteriophage lyse mutated bacterial cells,thus preventing them from replicating and passing on their genetic information.
C)  Bacteriophage transfer genetic information between bacterial cells through transduction,thus increasing the genetic diversity of bacterial populations.
D)  Bacteriophage decrease the size of bacterial populations and thus decreasing genetic diversity and slowing down bacterial evolution.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

A virus that kills its host is said to be

Accepted Answer

A)  lytic or virulent.
B)  temperate.
C)  lysogenic.
D)  virulent or lysogenic,but not temperate.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Viral size is generally measured in

Accepted Answer

A)  micrometers.
B)  picometers.
C)  nanometers.
D)  centimeters.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Compare and contrast a typical bacterial growth curve and a viral one-step growth curve.Explain why the growth curves are different based on bacterial and viral replication.

Accepted Answer

The time where replicated viruses remain...

Question 13

Which of the following enzymes would you expect to find in the virion of a retrovirus,but NOT in a bacteriophage?

Accepted Answer

A)  lysozyme
B)  methylase
C)  restriction enzymes
D)  reverse transcriptaseE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 14

In E.coli,the adenine in the sequence GATC is methylated by the Dam enzyme.In the same cells a restriction endonuclease recognizes and cleaves dsDNA with GATC on either strand.Why does E.coli have these two enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  The enzymes cut the E.coli genome into pieces that bind to viral particles and inhibit viral replication.
B)  The enzymes increase the rate of mutation and genome rearrangement,thus increasing the likelihood that E.coli cells will mutate and become resistant to viral infection.
C)  The enzymes encourage lysogeny because the cleavage sites are recognized by viral integrases.
D)  The enzymes protect E.coli from infection by preferentially degrading viral or other exogenous DNA that is not methylated.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 15

Relate the structure of bacteriophages and animal viruses to the structure of their respective host cells and the steps of the viral life cycle.

Accepted Answer

The T4 phage has a very complex structur...

Question 16

RNA viruses encode host restriction systems designed to destroy host DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A lytic infection results in death of the host cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Explain the relationship between the terms virus particle,virion,and virus genome.

Accepted Answer

A virus particle is a broad term used to...

Question 19

Viral replication is

Accepted Answer

A)  independent of the host cell's DNA but dependent on the host cell's enzymes and metabolism.
B)  independent of both the host cell's DNA and the host cell's enzymes and metabolism.
C)  dependent on the host cell's DNA and RNA.
D)  dependent on the host cell's DNA,RNA,enzymes,and metabolism.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 20

The primer for retrovirus reverse transcription is a specific

Accepted Answer

A)  tRNA encoded by the cell.
B)  tRNA encoded by the virus.
C)  nuclear tRNA.
D)  nuclear tDNA.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Exam 8: Viruses and Virology

Explain the relationship between the terms virus particle,virion,and virus genome.

Correct Answer
verified
A virus particle is a broad term used to...
View Answer

In E.coli,the adenine in the sequence GATC is methylated by the Dam enzyme.In the same cells a restriction endonuclease recognizes and cleaves dsDNA with GATC on either strand.Why does E.coli have these two enzymes?

Correct Answer
verified

How do bacteriophage influence bacterial evolution?

Correct Answer
verified

When a virus enters a host cell in which it can replicate,the process is called a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Relate the structure of bacteriophages and animal viruses to the structure of their respective host cells and the steps of the viral life cycle.

Correct Answer
verified
The T4 phage has a very complex structur...
View Answer

Why do scientists believe that most of the unexplored genetic diversity on Earth resides in viral genomes? Why is this genetic diversity important to human society?

Correct Answer
verified
First,there are ten times as many virus ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
Persistent viral infections occur when t...
View Answer

A lytic infection results in death of the host cell.

Correct Answer
verified

The primer for retrovirus reverse transcription is a specific

Correct Answer
verified

There is at least one known virus whose genome is actually larger than a cellular genome.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following enzymes would you expect to find in the virion of a retrovirus,but NOT in a bacteriophage?

Correct Answer
verified

RNA viruses encode host restriction systems designed to destroy host DNA.

Correct Answer
verified

A virus that kills its host is said to be

Correct Answer
verified

The size and shape of viral particles is largely governed by the size and packaging of the viral

Correct Answer
verified

Compare and contrast a typical bacterial growth curve and a viral one-step growth curve.Explain why the growth curves are different based on bacterial and viral replication.

Correct Answer
verified
The time where replicated viruses remain...
View Answer

The latent phase in the viral growth curve and the lag phase of the bacterial growth curve are equivalent and represent the time it takes for the virus or bacterium to adapt to the culture conditions and begin growing.

Correct Answer
verified

Viral replication is

Correct Answer
verified

Viral size is generally measured in

Correct Answer
verified

Based on your knowledge of cellular and viral processes,which of the following would be (an) appropriate target(s) for antiviral drugs?

Correct Answer
verified

An RNA genome itself serves as mRNA in negative-stranded RNA viruses.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 8: Viruses and Virology

Explain the relationship between the terms virus particle,virion,and virus genome.

Correct AnswerverifiedA virus particle is a broad term used to...View AnswerShow Answer

In E.coli,the adenine in the sequence GATC is methylated by the Dam enzyme.In the same cells a restriction endonuclease recognizes and cleaves dsDNA with GATC on either strand.Why does E.coli have these two enzymes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do bacteriophage influence bacterial evolution?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a virus enters a host cell in which it can replicate,the process is called a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Relate the structure of bacteriophages and animal viruses to the structure of their respective host cells and the steps of the viral life cycle.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe T4 phage has a very complex structur...View AnswerShow Answer

Why do scientists believe that most of the unexplored genetic diversity on Earth resides in viral genomes? Why is this genetic diversity important to human society?

Correct AnswerverifiedFirst,there are ten times as many virus ...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedPersistent viral infections occur when t...View AnswerShow Answer

A lytic infection results in death of the host cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primer for retrovirus reverse transcription is a specific

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There is at least one known virus whose genome is actually larger than a cellular genome.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following enzymes would you expect to find in the virion of a retrovirus,but NOT in a bacteriophage?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

RNA viruses encode host restriction systems designed to destroy host DNA.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A virus that kills its host is said to be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The size and shape of viral particles is largely governed by the size and packaging of the viral

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compare and contrast a typical bacterial growth curve and a viral one-step growth curve.Explain why the growth curves are different based on bacterial and viral replication.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe time where replicated viruses remain...View AnswerShow Answer

The latent phase in the viral growth curve and the lag phase of the bacterial growth curve are equivalent and represent the time it takes for the virus or bacterium to adapt to the culture conditions and begin growing.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Viral replication is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Viral size is generally measured in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on your knowledge of cellular and viral processes,which of the following would be (an) appropriate target(s) for antiviral drugs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An RNA genome itself serves as mRNA in negative-stranded RNA viruses.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified
A virus particle is a broad term used to...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The T4 phage has a very complex structur...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
First,there are ten times as many virus ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
Persistent viral infections occur when t...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The time where replicated viruses remain...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified