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Which is not a characteristic of spirochetes?


A) All are pathogenic.
B) All cells have a cell wall.
C) The cells stain gram-negative.
D) The cells exhibit a helical shape.
E) The cells are always motile.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Lymphogranuloma venereum is a complication of ______.


A) Chlamydia infection
B) genital herpes
C) syphilis
D) gonorrhea
E) HIV infection

F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

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During the tertiary stage of syphilis, tumors called _____ develop in the liver, skin, bone, and cartilage.


A) gummas
B) chancres
C) nodules
D) ulcers

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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In the final trimester of pregnancy, your test results came back positive for an infection that would likely be damaging for the newborn, so your doctor wants to prescribe an antibiotic.What organism is the likely culprit here?


A) Group B Streptococcus
B) Herpes simplex 2
C) Leptospira
D) Trichomonas

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Pelvic inflammatory disease often leads to ______.


A) HIV infection
B) infertility
C) cervical cancer
D) multiple births
E) low birthweight babies

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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The most common mode for the transmission of Schistosoma haematobium is ______.


A) fecal-oral route
B) contaminated water
C) opportunism
D) fomites
E) contaminated meat

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Warts are caused by ______.


A) bacteria
B) nonenveloped RNA viruses
C) enveloped RNA viruses
D) nonenveloped DNA viruses
E) enveloped DNA viruses

F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Chancroid


A) presents with a hard chancre.
B) is very painful in both sexes.
C) is caused by Haemophilus ducreyi.
D) is caused by a spirochete.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Restriction factors in the reproductive tract


A) provide an innate protective effect against viral infection.
B) appear to derive from unculturable microbes in the normal microbiota.
C) adjust the pH of the mucosa and are modified during sexual maturation.
D) are enzymes that hydrolyze the phosphodiester bond in DNA.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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The most common cause of vaginitis is ______.


A) Staphlococcus aureus
B) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
C) Streptococcus pyogenes
D) Escherichia coli
E) Candida albicans

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Normal biota of the urinary tract in both genders include all of the following except ______.


A) Staphylococcus
B) Escherichia coli
C) Lactobacillus
D) nonhemolytic Streptococcus
E) Corynebacterium

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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All of the following are signs and symptoms of urinary tract infection except ______.


A) diarrhea
B) white blood cells in urine
C) nausea
D) red blood cells in urine
E) painful urination

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Herpes simplex-1


A) is exclusive to oral mucosa.
B) is exclusive to genitourinary tract.
C) confers immunity to herpes simplex 2.
D) is cleared by praziquantel.
E) None of the choices is correct.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Chlamydia trachomatis causes


A) nongonococcal urethritis in males.
B) cervicitis in females.
C) congenital conjunctivitis.
D) pelvic inflammatory disease in females.
E) All of the choices are correct.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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The best way to directly observe Treponema pallidum is through ______ microscopy.


A) scanning electron
B) dark-field
C) fluorescent
D) phase contrast
E) bright-field

F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Correct Answer

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Permanent cardiovascular and neurological damage is seen in which stage of syphilis?


A) Primary
B) Secondary
C) Tertiary
D) Latent

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Infection of the urinary bladder is called ______.


A) vaginitis
B) pyelonephritis
C) PID
D) urethritis
E) cystitis

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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The secondary stage of syphilis


A) has no symptoms.
B) is when gummas develop in tissues.
C) is when the patient is no longer infectious to others.
D) occurs within 10 days of the primary stage.
E) is a time when the pathogen enters and multiplies in the blood.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following is not a part of the male genital (reproductive) system?


A) Ureter
B) Vas deferens
C) Prostate
D) Epididymis

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Schistosoma haematobium infection


A) predisposes victims to bladder cancer.
B) is transmitted via the fecal-oral route.
C) has no effective treatment at this time.
D) begins with larval entry through abraded skin.
E) predisposes victims to liver cancer.

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Correct Answer

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