Question 1

After loading wood into a fireplace, you realize you have gotten a splinter in your finger.Within a short period of time, your finger is painful, red, and swollen, and is warm to the touch.This is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  nonspecific resistance
B)  specific resistance
C)  acquired immunity
D)  adaptive immunityE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Which white blood cells comprise 3-7% of circulating WBCs, are phagocytic, and can migrate out into body tissues to differentiate into macrophages?

Accepted Answer

A)  Basophils
B)  Eosinophils
C)  Neutrophils
D)  Monocytes
E)  LymphocytesF) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 3

The chemical found in tears and saliva that hydrolyzes the peptidoglycan in certain bacterial cell walls is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  lactic acid
B)  bile
C)  histamine
D)  hydrochloric acid
E)  lysozymeF) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following is incorrect about inflammation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Serotonin causes smooth muscle contraction.
B)  Inflammation can last hours to years.
C)  Basophils and mast cells release histamine.
D)  Fever could be beneficial to inhibiting the pathogen.
E)  Pyrogens cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D) E

Question 5

During phagocytosis, intracellular digestion begins as soon as the phagosome is formed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is incorrect about complement?

Accepted Answer

A)  It acts in a cascade reaction.
B)  It is composed of at least 20 blood proteins.
C)  It involves a classical pathway.
D)  It only appears in the blood during a response to a pathogen.
E)  It involves an alternate pathway.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following represents the correct order of activity in the complement cascade?

Accepted Answer

A)  Amplification, initiation, membrane attack, and polymerization
B)  Polymerization, initiation, membrane attack, and amplification
C)  Initiation, membrane attack, polymerization, and amplification
D)  Membrane attack, initiation, polymerization, and amplification
E)  Initiation, amplification, polymerization, and membrane attackF) B) and E)
G) B) and C) E

Question 8

The lymphoid tissues of the intestinal tract are collectively referred to as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  GALT
B)  the thymus
C)  lymph nodes
D)  tonsils
E)  the spleenF) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 9

Which of the following is incorrect about blood cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  They develop from undifferentiated stem cells.
B)  They include glial cells.
C)  They include erythrocytes that, when mature, lose their nuclei.
D)  After birth, they are produced in red bone marrow sites.
E)  They include leukocytes that are either granulocytes or agranulocytes.F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 10

If an individual has a genetic disorder whereby they lack the ability to make complement protein C3, the likely consequence is

Accepted Answer

A)  excessive fever development.
B)  enhanced inflammation.
C)  a higher incidence of bacterial and viral infections.
D)  an inability to synthesize antibodies.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Diapedesis is the

Accepted Answer

A)  production of only red blood cells.
B)  plugging of broken vessels to stop bleeding.
C)  production of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.
D)  migration of white blood cells from the blood out to the tissues.
E)  loss of blood due to hemorrhaging.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

Each of the following are benefits of fever except

Accepted Answer

A)  it increases the availability of iron.
B)  it increases metabolism.
C)  it stimulates hematopoiesis.
D)  it increases phagocytosis.
E)  it reduces the ability of temperature-sensitive organisms to multiply.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

Which white blood cells comprise 20% to 30% of the circulating WBCs and are the cells that function in the body's specific immune system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Monocytes
B)  Lymphocytes
C)  Neutrophils
D)  Eosinophils
E)  BasophilsF) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 14

All of the following are events of early inflammation except

Accepted Answer

A)  macrophages appear first and begin phagocytosis.
B)  chemical mediators and cytokines are released.
C)  brief vasoconstriction is followed by vasodilation.
D)  exudate and pus can accumulate.
E)  capillaries become more permeable, resulting in edema.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

The granules of eosinophils contain ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  peroxidase
B)  antigens
C)  histamine
D)  antibodies
E)  serotoninF) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

Inflammatory responses are orchestrated by the immune system and are part of the body's third line of defense.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Genetic markers that distinguish a self cell from a foreign invader are typically ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA or RNA
B)  lipids or lipoproteins
C)  proteins or glycoproteins
D)  polysaccharidesE) B) and C)
F) A) and D) C

Question 18

The alternate complement pathway uses complement proteins C1, C2, and C4.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Components of the first line of defense include all of the following, except

Accepted Answer

A)  the tough cell sheet of the upper epidermis of the skin.
B)  the flushing action of tears and blinking.
C)  nasal hairs.
D)  phagocytic white blood cells.
E)  the flushing action of urine.F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 20

The most numerous WBCs that have multilobed nuclei and are very phagocytic are ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  neutrophils
B)  lymphocytes
C)  monocytes
D)  basophils
E)  eosinophilsF) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Exam 14: Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

After loading wood into a fireplace, you realize you have gotten a splinter in your finger.Within a short period of time, your finger is painful, red, and swollen, and is warm to the touch.This is an example of ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which white blood cells comprise 3-7% of circulating WBCs, are phagocytic, and can migrate out into body tissues to differentiate into macrophages?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chemical found in tears and saliva that hydrolyzes the peptidoglycan in certain bacterial cell walls is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is incorrect about inflammation?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

During phagocytosis, intracellular digestion begins as soon as the phagosome is formed.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is incorrect about complement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following represents the correct order of activity in the complement cascade?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

The lymphoid tissues of the intestinal tract are collectively referred to as ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is incorrect about blood cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If an individual has a genetic disorder whereby they lack the ability to make complement protein C3, the likely consequence is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diapedesis is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the following are benefits of fever except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which white blood cells comprise 20% to 30% of the circulating WBCs and are the cells that function in the body's specific immune system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are events of early inflammation except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The granules of eosinophils contain ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inflammatory responses are orchestrated by the immune system and are part of the body's third line of defense.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genetic markers that distinguish a self cell from a foreign invader are typically ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The alternate complement pathway uses complement proteins C1, C2, and C4.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Components of the first line of defense include all of the following, except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most numerous WBCs that have multilobed nuclei and are very phagocytic are ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
E

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
E

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified