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In the past,voting systems in most countries required that you be:


A) male in order to vote.
B) both male and hold property in order to vote.
C) both male and white in order to vote.
D) white, male, and hold property in order to vote.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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  If a pair-wise majority vote was held to determine which school project gets funded and the voters' preferences are shown in the table,if Ernie sets the agenda which option would he see was voted on first? A)  Library and lab B)  Computer lab and gym C)  Gym and library D)  It doesn't matter which options are considered first. If a pair-wise majority vote was held to determine which school project gets funded and the voters' preferences are shown in the table,if Ernie sets the agenda which option would he see was voted on first?


A) Library and lab
B) Computer lab and gym
C) Gym and library
D) It doesn't matter which options are considered first.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Plurality voting fails which of the criteria for an ideal voting system?


A) Transitivity
B) No dictator
C) Unanimity
D) Independence of irrelevant alternatives

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Compared to two-party systems,proportional-representation systems are thought to:


A) lead to more centrist policies.
B) offer a wider variety of platforms among which voters can choose.
C) create unwieldy combinations of policies within one platform.
D) be much less efficient and lead to very few compromises when voting.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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  If a pair-wise majority vote was held and the voters' preferences are shown in the table,which option would win overall? A)  Public transportation B)  Public zoo C)  Public parks D)  It is impossible to predict which option would win. If a pair-wise majority vote was held and the voters' preferences are shown in the table,which option would win overall?


A) Public transportation
B) Public zoo
C) Public parks
D) It is impossible to predict which option would win.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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The intent of the liberum veto was ___________,and the outcome was _____________.


A) complete consensus; often chaos and corruption
B) majority rule; complete consensus
C) efficiency; inefficiency
D) efficiency; efficiency

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Which of the four criteria for an ideal voting system is demonstrated when everyone in a town prefers spending on improved public transportation systems instead of public parks,and transportation spending wins?


A) No dictator
B) Unanimity
C) Transitivity
D) Independence of irrelevant alternatives

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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An example of term limits in the United States would be that U.S.presidents cannot hold more than:


A) four 2-year terms.
B) four 4-year terms.
C) two 4-year terms.
D) two 2-year terms.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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One of the merits of plurality voting is:


A) its simplicity.
B) it has all four criteria for an ideal voting system.
C) it guarantees the best option will win.
D) it produces a result that most participants are happy with.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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  If a pair-wise majority vote was held and the voters' preferences are shown in the table,assuming public parks and transportation was the first pair to be voted on,which voter will be happiest with the outcome? A)  Abby B)  Carlo C)  Bob D)  Bob and Carlo will be equally happy. If a pair-wise majority vote was held and the voters' preferences are shown in the table,assuming public parks and transportation was the first pair to be voted on,which voter will be happiest with the outcome?


A) Abby
B) Carlo
C) Bob
D) Bob and Carlo will be equally happy.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Compared to proportional-representation systems,two-party systems are thought to:


A) lead to more diverse views in the policy process.
B) offer a wider variety of platforms among which voters can choose.
C) create unwieldy combinations of policies within one platform.
D) be much less efficient and lead to very few compromises when voting.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Suppose everyone in a town votes that they prefer improved public transportation systems instead of public parks.According to the criteria of independence of irrelevant alternatives that preference should ___________ even if a third option not likely to win,like a public zoo,is included in the vote.


A) stay the same
B) change to the median
C) change to the average
D) change to the majority

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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In thinking about the criteria for an ideal voting system,unanimity means if:


A) the median in the group prefers option X to option Y, then X beats Y.
B) the majority of the group prefers option X to option Y, then X beats Y.
C) everyone in the group prefers option X to option Y, then X beats Y.
D) no one in the group prefers option X to option Y, then it must still be possible for X to beat Y.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Suppose a vote was taken among 7 district representatives about how much of the city budget should be spent on tourism advertising.Two prefer it to be 10 percent,two prefer 15 percent,and three prefer 50 percent.According to the median voter theorem,the chosen amount to spend on tourism advertising is ______ of the budget.


A) 10 %
B) 15 %
C) 50 %
D) 30 %

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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In considering the criteria for an ideal voting system,the idea of an irrelevant alternative refers to:


A) when an option is added to a vote and is unrelated to the issue being voted on.
B) different voting methods that could alternatively be used, but would not change the outcome.
C) when an option is added to a vote and has no realistic chance of winning.
D) different voting methods that could alternatively be used, and could change the outcome.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Research has shown that the chances of one vote making a difference in an election is:


A) 0.001 %.
B) 0.10 %.
C) 0.01 %.
D) 99.999 %.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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  If a pair-wise majority vote was held to determine which school project gets funded and the voters' preferences are shown in the table,in order for the library to win overall,which items must be voted on first? A)  Computer lab and gym B)  Library and computer lab C)  Gym and library D)  The order will not affect the outcome of the vote. If a pair-wise majority vote was held to determine which school project gets funded and the voters' preferences are shown in the table,in order for the library to win overall,which items must be voted on first?


A) Computer lab and gym
B) Library and computer lab
C) Gym and library
D) The order will not affect the outcome of the vote.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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The amount of corruption that occurs in a government is hard to measure because:


A) its costs are mostly indirect and nearly impossible to measure.
B) it is illegal, and therefore hidden.
C) the benefits subtracted from the costs often go to a small number of people and distort the reality.
D) All of these are true.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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First-past-the-post voting structures tend to lead to a:


A) two-party system.
B) three-party system.
C) one-candidate system.
D) multi-party system.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Steel producers lobbying to keep imports out is an example of:


A) objective cost-benefit analysis.
B) rent-seeking behavior.
C) rational ignorance.
D) corruption.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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