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Suppose that under its collective bargaining agreement the ABC Corporation can hire nonunion workers,but such workers must join the union within 30 days.This agreement embodies:


A) an open shop.
B) a closed shop.
C) a union shop.
D) an agency shop.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Long-run real wages in the United States have:


A) risen because growth in the demand for labor has exceeded growth in the supply of labor.
B) risen because the supply of labor has fallen over time.
C) fallen because growth in the supply of labor has exceeded growth in the demand for labor.
D) fallen because the demand for labor has fallen over time.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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If the nominal wages of carpenters rose by 5 percent in 2013 and the price level increased by 3 percent,then the real wages of carpenters:


A) decreased by 2 percent.
B) increased by 2 percent.
C) increased by 3 percent.
D) increased by 8 percent.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Answer the question on the basis of the following supply information facing a single firm in a particular labor market:  WageQuantity Rate  Supplied $51102153204255\begin{array}{l}\text { Wage} \quad\quad{Quantity }\\\begin{array} { c c c } \text { Rate } && \text { Supplied } \\\hline\$ 5 & & 1 \\10 & & 2 \\15 & & 3 \\20 & & 4 \\25 & & 5\end{array}\end{array} Refer to the given information.The marginal resource (labor) cost of the third worker is:


A) $15.
B) $25.
C) $35.
D) $45.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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U.S.union membership has declined substantially in recent years.Which of the following is not usually cited as a causal factor?


A) Most nonunion workers are in manufacturing industries.
B) Import competition has reduced or restrained the growth of employment in some highly unionized industries.
C) Some industries and firms have migrated to the less-unionized South.
D) Managerial opposition to unions has intensified.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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A craft union attempts to increase wage rates by:


A) equating the MRP and the MRC curves.
B) shifting the labor supply curve to the left.
C) shifting the labor supply curve to the right.
D) shifting the MRP curve to the right.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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(Last Word) In 2005,chief executive officers' (CEOs') pay at U.S.firms with around $500 million in annual sales averaged:


A) $600 thousand.
B) $1.2 million.
C) $2.2 million.
D) $4.5 million.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following is a market imperfection that might explain persistent wage differentials within an occupation?


A) Geographical immobility of workers.
B) Readily available information about job opportunities and pay.
C) Principal-agent problems.
D) Compensating wage differentials.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Since the mid-1950s,union membership has declined as a percentage of employed wage and salary workers.

A) True
B) False

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