Question 1

In the Hardy-Weinberg formula,what does q2 represent?

Accepted Answer

A)   frequency of the dominant allele
B)   frequency of the recessive allele
C)   frequency of the heterozygotes
D)   frequency of the homozygous dominants
E)   frequency of the homozygous recessivesF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

If p2 = 0.04,what is the frequency of homozygous recessives in the population?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.04
B)   0.2
C)   0.32
D)   0.64
E)   0.8F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

Which of the following does not result in a decrease of genetic variation?

Accepted Answer

A)   natural selection
B)   genetic drift
C)   bottleneck effect
D)   founder effect
E)   mutationF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 4

Which individual would be considered the fittest?

Accepted Answer

A)   Individual that has the longest canine teeth within the group
B)   Individual that has the greatest number of breeding opportunities
C)   Individual that has the best camoflauge to avoid predators
D)   Individual that controls the largest territory
E)   Individual that has the greatest number of offspringF) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following examples is one of genetic drift?

Accepted Answer

A)   A forest fire kills all plant life south of a highway.
B)   Rabbits with longer fur survive the winter.
C)   Insects resistant to insecticide survive crop dusting.
D)   Colorful lizards living on brown leaves are most often eaten by predators.
E)   Flowers with larger flowers attract more butterflies than smaller flowers.F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

Individuals who inherit sickle cell disease,a recessive disorder,tend to die at an early age while individuals who are homozygous for their blood cells survive.How does the recessive allele persist in the population?

Accepted Answer

A)   New individuals who are recessive for sickle cell will migrate into the area.
B)   Spontaneous mutations will occur on Homozygous individuals that causes them to develop a recessive allele.
C)   The recessive allele will not persist within the population. It is always weeded out.
D)   Each generation some individuals will be born that by chance will inherit the recessive allele.
E)   Individuals who are heterozygous for the sickle cell trait have an advantage in certain environments.F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 7

In what type of environment is being heterozygous in regards to the sickle cell trait an advantage?

Accepted Answer

A)   An environment that has malaria.
B)   An environment that is malaria free.
C)   Environment that is exposed to a large amount of sunlight year round.
D)   Environments that are degraded.
E)   Cold and rainy environments favor the heterozygote.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

If p = 0.6,what is q?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.6
B)   0.4
C)   0.36
D)   0.15
E)   0F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 9

The usage of the insecticide DDT to control mosquitos resulted in

Accepted Answer

A)   directional selection to insecticide resistance in the insects.
B)   stabilizing selection to insecticide resistance in the insects.
C)   disruptive selection to insecticide resistance in the insects.
D)   genetic drift to insecticide resistance in the insects.
E)   no change in the insect population.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following is most likely to lead to two distinct species?

Accepted Answer

A)   directional selection
B)   stabilizing selection
C)   disruptive selection
D)   genetic drift
E)   bottleneck effectF) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 11

A female peacock chooses a male as a mate based on his showy plumage and courtship dance.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   random mating.
B)   assortative mating.
C)   sexual selection.
D)   gene flow.
E)   natural selection.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 12

Why does the malaria disease persist in the human population?

Accepted Answer

A)   Too few humans have died of malaria to end the disease.
B)   Multiple phenotypes survive in a balanced polymorphism.
C)   Malaria is a recessive disease and few humans are ever sick.
D)   Humans are protected from the malaria parasite.
E)   The disease is under stabilizing selection.F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

Natural selection will favor directional,stabilizing and disruptive selection in the same population simultaneously.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What characteristic do a bottleneck and a founder effect have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)   Both encounter a population crash.
B)   Both involve a portion of a population becoming isolated.
C)   Both involve a decrease in a population's genetic diversity.
D)   Both affect the entire population.
E)   Both are a type of natural selection.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

If the survivors of an original population survived due to specific phenotypes that they possessed,then this event is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   natural selection.
B)   genetic drift.
C)   founder effect.
D)   industrial melanism.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Today,cheetahs show extreme genetic similarity.This is evidence of

Accepted Answer

A)   past gene flow.
B)   a past bottleneck event.
C)   a history of directional selection.
D)   a history of few genetic mutations.
E)   assortative mating.F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 17

What might occur in moth populations if pollution from industry was cleaned up,and the color of tree bark returned to its natural color?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dark moths would continue to be the predominant phenotype.
B)   Birds would now see the dark moths easier than the lighter color moths.
C)   Dark- and light-colored moths would survive in equal numbers.
D)   Both dark and light color moths would be preyed upon equally by birds.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 18

A group of field mice cross a highway and join a new population of field mice on the other side,producing offspring with this population.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   gene flow.
B)   genetic drift.
C)   Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
D)   assortive mating.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

British land snails primarily occur in two extreme phenotypes.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   directional selection.
B)   stabilizing selection.
C)   disruptive selection.
D)   genetic drift.
E)   mutation.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

In the process of natural selection,individuals that are most fit are the ones that are

Accepted Answer

A)   most likely to survive.
B)   most likely to reproduce.
C)   most likely to migrate.
D)   most likely to mutate.
E)   most likely to be physically fit.F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Exam 15: Evolution on a Small Scale

In the process of natural selection,individuals that are most fit are the ones that are

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Which of the following examples is one of genetic drift?

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In the Hardy-Weinberg formula,what does q2 represent?

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Which of the following is most likely to lead to two distinct species?

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What might occur in moth populations if pollution from industry was cleaned up,and the color of tree bark returned to its natural color?

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If the survivors of an original population survived due to specific phenotypes that they possessed,then this event is an example of

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Why does the malaria disease persist in the human population?

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Which individual would be considered the fittest?

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In what type of environment is being heterozygous in regards to the sickle cell trait an advantage?

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Natural selection will favor directional,stabilizing and disruptive selection in the same population simultaneously.

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Today,cheetahs show extreme genetic similarity.This is evidence of

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A group of field mice cross a highway and join a new population of field mice on the other side,producing offspring with this population.This is an example of

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Individuals who inherit sickle cell disease,a recessive disorder,tend to die at an early age while individuals who are homozygous for their blood cells survive.How does the recessive allele persist in the population?

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British land snails primarily occur in two extreme phenotypes.This is an example of

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What characteristic do a bottleneck and a founder effect have in common?

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Which of the following does not result in a decrease of genetic variation?

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If p2 = 0.04,what is the frequency of homozygous recessives in the population?

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A female peacock chooses a male as a mate based on his showy plumage and courtship dance.This is an example of

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If p = 0.6,what is q?

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The usage of the insecticide DDT to control mosquitos resulted in

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In the Hardy-Weinberg formula,what does q² represent?

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If p² = 0.04,what is the frequency of homozygous recessives in the population?

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